Sanjay Kumar jain & Viplav Kumar Choudhry Police Powers

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Contents

1. Introduction to Police Powers

   • Meaning and Scope

   • Historical Development of Police Law

   • Constitutional Position of the Police in India

2. Police and the Indian Constitution

   • Fundamental Rights and Police Powers

   • Article 21 and Procedure Established by Law

   • Judicial Oversight and Constitutional Safeguards

3. Powers of Arrest

   • Arrest Without Warrant (Sec. 41 CrPC)

   • Arrest With Warrant

   • Rights of Arrested Persons

   • Landmark Supreme Court Guidelines (DK Basu Case)

4. Search and Seizure

   • Powers under CrPC

   • Judicial Requirements for Valid Search

   • Electronic Surveillance and Digital Evidence

5. Investigation Process

   • FIR: Registration and Importance

   • Role and Discretion of the Police in Investigation

   • Charge-Sheet and Final Report

   • Role of Magistrate in Monitoring Investigation

6. Preventive Powers of Police

   • Preventive Arrest (Sec. 107–151 CrPC)

   • Public Nuisance and Maintenance of Order

   • Powers during Public Assemblies and Protests

7. Police Custody and Remand

   • Police Custody vs. Judicial Custody

   • Rights During Custody

   • Medical Examination and Legal Aid

8. Police Accountability and Abuse of Power

   • Custodial Deaths and Torture

   • Role of NHRC and State Human Rights Commissions

   • Internal Disciplinary Mechanisms

   • Need for Police Reforms

9. Special Laws and Police Powers

   • UAPA, NDPS Act, and Other Special Legislations

   • Enhanced Powers and Due Process Concerns

   • Terrorism and Surveillance

10. Role of Judiciary in Regulating Police Powers

    • Judicial Activism and Police Conduct

    • PILs and Police Reforms

    • Important Case Laws

11. Recent Trends and Developments

    • Supreme Court Directions on Police Reforms

    • Use of Technology in Policing

    • Community Policing and Democratic Accountability

12. Appendices

    • Relevant Statutory Provisions (Extracts)

    • Model FIR & Arrest Memo

    • Guidelines by NHRC and Law Commission Reports