P K SARKAR THE MOTOR VEHICLES ACT 1988

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Chapter I – Preliminary (Sections 1-2)

• Short title, extent, and commencement of the Act.
• Definitions of important terms like motor vehicle, public place, transport vehicle, etc.

Chapter II – Licensing of Drivers of Motor Vehicles (Sections 3-28)

• Eligibility and requirements for obtaining a Driving License.
• Different types of licenses (learner’s, permanent, and commercial).
• Disqualification and suspension of a driving license.

Chapter III – Licensing of Conductors of Stage Carriages (Sections 29-38)

• Provisions for issuing a Conductor’s License for public transport buses.
• Eligibility, application process, and suspension rules.

Chapter IV – Registration of Motor Vehicles (Sections 39-65)

• Mandatory vehicle registration before use.
• Assignment of Registration Numbers.
• Transfer of ownership and rules for temporary registration.
• Suspension and cancellation of registration.

Chapter V – Control of Transport Vehicles (Sections 66-96)

• Permit requirements for commercial and transport vehicles.
• National and State Transport Authorities regulate public transport.
• Special permits for inter-state travel.

Chapter VI – Special Provisions for State Transport Undertakings (Sections 97-108)

• State government’s authority to operate transport services.
• Compensation and acquisition of private transport vehicles by the state.

Chapter VII – Construction, Equipment, and Maintenance of Vehicles (Sections 109-111)

• Safety and emission control regulations.
• Provisions for vehicle fitness certification.

Chapter VIII – Control of Traffic (Sections 112-138)

• Speed limits, drunken driving, and reckless driving penalties.
• Use of helmets and seatbelts.
• Traffic signals, parking rules, and pedestrian rights.

Chapter IX – Motor Vehicles Temporarily Leaving or Visiting India (Sections 139-144)

• Rules for foreign-registered vehicles in India.
• Provisions for temporary registration of imported vehicles.

Chapter X – Liability Without Fault in Certain Cases (Sections 145-164)

• Compensation to accident victims without proving negligence.
• Hit-and-run compensation provisions.

Chapter XI – Insurance of Motor Vehicles Against Third Party Risks (Sections 165-176)

• Mandatory third-party insurance for all vehicles.
• Compensation for injury or death due to vehicle accidents.

Chapter XII – Claims Tribunals (Sections 177-184)

• Establishment of Motor Accident Claims Tribunals (MACT).
• Compensation claims for accident victims.

Chapter XIII – Offenses, Penalties, and Fines (Sections 185-211)

• Penalties for traffic violations, including overspeeding, rash driving, and driving under influence.
• Increased fines under Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019.

Chapter XIV – Miscellaneous (Sections 212-217A)

• Power of government to make rules and amendments.
• Provisions for electronic monitoring of traffic offenses.

Recent Amendments

• Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019
  • Increased penalties for traffic violations.
  • Digitalization of vehicle registration and driving licenses.
  • New hit-and-run compensation scheme.
  • Stricter road safety laws.