Enactment Date: December 25, 2023
Effective From: July 1, 2024
Replaces: Indian Penal Code, 1860
Structure: 358 sections organized into 20 chapters
Section Reduction: The BNS reduces the number of sections from 511 in the IPC to 358, aiming for clarity and efficiency.
Language Update: Terminology has been updated to reflect contemporary usage and understanding.
Organized Crime: Defined under Section 111, encompassing activities like kidnapping and land grabbing by syndicates.
Terrorism: Detailed in Section 113, outlining acts that threaten national security, with stringent penalties.
Cybercrime and Financial Fraud: Addressed to tackle modern technological offenses.
Environmental Pollution and Human Trafficking: Recognized as distinct offenses, reflecting societal concerns.
Sedition Removed: The colonial-era offense of sedition under Section 124A of the IPC has been repealed.
New Offense: Acts endangering sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India are now punishable, focusing on actions like secession or armed rebellion.
Age Threshold for Gang Rape: Increased from 16 to 18 years, expanding protection for minors.
Deceitful Sexual Intercourse: Criminalized under Section 69, targeting acts involving false promises or inducements.
Community Service: Introduced as a penalty for certain petty offenses.
Increased Penalties: Punishments for 33 offenses have been enhanced, with fines increased for 83 offenses.
Mandatory Minimum Sentences: Established for 23 offenses to ensure consistency in sentencing.
Inclusive Definitions: Section 2(10) acknowledges 'transgender' as a gender category, promoting inclusivity.
The BNS is organized into 20 chapters, covering various aspects of criminal law:
Chapters 1–3: Preliminary provisions, definitions, and general exceptions.
Chapters 4–6: Offenses against women, children, and the human body.
Chapters 7–8: Offenses against the state and armed forces.
Chapters 9–11: Offenses related to elections, currency, and public tranquility.
Chapters 12–14: Offenses by public servants and against public justice.
Chapters 15–17: Offenses affecting public health, religion, and property.
Chapters 18–19: Offenses related to documents, property marks, and defamation.
Chapter 20: Repeal and savings provisions.
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Total Sections: 358
Chapters: 20
Notable Additions:
Organized Crime: Defined under Section 111, encompassing activities like kidnapping, extortion, and cybercrime committed by syndicates.
Terrorism: Addressed in Section 113, detailing acts threatening national security.
Community Service: Introduced as a form of punishment for certain petty offenses.
Gender Inclusivity: Recognizes 'transgender' as a gender category under Section 2(10).
Sedition: The colonial-era offense of sedition under Section 124A of the IPC has been repealed. Instead, the BNS introduces a new offense for acts endangering the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
Sexual Offenses: The age threshold for gang rape victims has been increased from 16 to 18 years, expanding protection for minors. Additionally, deceitful sexual intercourse is criminalized under Section 69, targeting acts involving false promises or inducements.
Enhanced Penalties: Punishments for 33 offenses have been increased, and fines have been raised for 83 offenses.
Mandatory Minimum Sentences: Established for 23 offenses to ensure consistency in sentencing.
Community Service: Introduced as a penalty for six specific petty offenses, promoting restorative justice.
The BNS is organized into 20 chapters, covering various aspects of criminal law:
Chapters 1–3: Preliminary provisions, definitions, and general exceptions.
Chapters 4–6: Offenses against women, children, and the human body.
Chapters 7–8: Offenses against the state and armed forces.
Chapters 9–11: Offenses related to elections, currency, and public tranquility.
Chapters 12–14: Offenses by public servants and against public justice.
Chapters 15–17: Offenses affecting public health, religion, and property.
Chapters 18–19: Offenses related to documents, property marks, and defamation.
Chapter 20: Repeal and savings provisions.
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